A Corporations Social Responsibility to Stakeholders Essay

Abstract This paper is a view on how to approach the CEO, directors and managers of a potential defective product. It will provide insight on the process of identifying the product, potential recall and the responsibility to notify the consumer. A Corporations Social Responsibility to Stakeholders Introduction One of the many things a manufacturing company has to worry about is producing defective products. If a company has produced defective products, it is in their best interest to find out and address the issue before their customers find out. If the company find and address the issue first they can limit the amount of lost trust and credibility. By the consumers finding out first it could take the company years or maybe never to repair the damage to their reputation. With new products becoming available for consumers the manufacturers must take the necessary precautions to insure their customer’s safety. How would you effectively present the issue of potentially defective products to the CEO, other directors, and managers? Prior to this meeting I would do an extensive research of the product such as retrieve any complaints from consumers if there were any and analyze them to determine if it was the same issue or random problems. My next step would be get the time frame when the potentially defective product was produced along with the location (s), retrieve all test results regarding the product. Creating a presentation of the information that was gathered in my research would be beneficial. 1.What the specific defect is 2.What caused defect 3.Location of products 4.Reason for failure to comply with regulation Equipped with the Recall Handbook from the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPDC) I would present the information in a group setting to the CEO, directors and managers. The type of liability claim should be identified as well whether it is ((defective product design, defective product manufacturing, and failure/negligence to warn of product defect)) (Product Liability, n.d.). When presenting the information to the CEO, directors and managers I would be specific in regards to what the defect is, and plans for a product recall. How would you specifically notify customers of such an occurrence? The removal of defective products from the market is the responsibility of the company. A designated recall coordinator should be appointed. This person has the responsibility to recall products that may be deemed defective or unsafe. The obligations and responsibilities of a company that has a potentially defective product have been set forth by the CPSC. If it is determined the product needs to be recalled I would follow the guidelines pursuant to the Consumer Protection Safety Act (CPSA) pursuant to Section 15(b). which is The Fast Track Product Recall Program (Recall Handbook, 1998). This section is for companies that discover they have a defective product and pro-actively initiate a remedy. With the help of the CPSC I would What kind of internal actions would you take to prevent future problems? I believe that preventing future problems and defects is the responsibility of the quality control department. Insure quality control is follows the processes and guidelines of the department. Make sure that there are in-process inspections as well as final inspections. Overhaul the process of how you inspection. Review your sampling plan, and insure that the sampling plan that is in place is the right one for the product and your business. To insure a good product I would setup process capability studies (CpK) to insure the product meets design specifications. Quality control is a key factor in preventing low standards and defective products. What can be done to ensure that a strong sense of business ethics permeates your company? You need just to check the news to see the how ethics can affect the business world. Examples are Johnson & Johnson, Dow Corning (DC) and many other business have come to the brink of ruin because they lacked the business ethics to put public safety in fro nt of their self interest and those of their companies. The focus of a company is dictated by the ethical principles the company adopt. These principles should permeate the company and affect the decisions the company makes (Nixon, 2009). Senior management set the ethical principles and culture of a business. Insure your business senior officers believe in business sustainability, not because of lower cost but because it is the virtuous thing to do. Senior officers should implement their principles and ethics consistently throughout the company which will make their organization true to principles and authentic while making the organization transparent. The transparency of your organization allows your stakeholder to decide if they want to do business with you. References Nixon, L., Corporate Ethics and the Art of Balancing, 2009, Retrieved January 13, 2013, from http://www.corporate-eye.com/blog/2009/06/corporate-ethics-balancing/ Product Liability, N.D., ForThePeople.com Retrieved from http://www.forthepeople.com/product_liability.htm?gclid=CMyUpMnj4bQCFQiqnQodFykAMw

Dynamics Of Globalization Essay

Two themes emerge from Robert D. Kaplan’s â€Å"The Coming Anarchy. † The first is civilization and de-civilization against all odds. The second is Africa, an example of the group countries that are left behind by civilization. These two themes will be discussed in this essay. The movie â€Å"Girl in the Cafe† is a perfect illustration of what is happening in Africa. The movie took place at a time where most countries have attained a high level of civilization. They have technologies, cultural developments and modern values and concerns. It took place at a time where globalization is at a high level that countries’ leaders meet together to decide the fate of the world. Amidst all their issues stood one issue that not all countries find to be a priority—the condition in Africa and the fate of its people amidst the poverty and difficulties being experienced in the country. It is sad to say that when globalization began to take place, not all countries were able to follow. In fact, even at present, some countries are too attuned to being globalized, but most countries are still struggling with the concept and imagining themselves being globalized and enjoying the benefits that are claimed to come together with globalization. Some countries remain behind their countries’ boundaries by choice, but many remains behind by sheer inability to cope with world developments. Unfortunately, the so-called gap between the rich and poor manifests not only among individuals, but also among countries. Unfortunately, these poor countries are the ones always plagued with issues and hindrances that make it more difficult for them to globalize. Unfortunately, these poor countries are always left behind. It may be asked, â€Å"how did globalization come about? † Globalization may be a need as many people say. In my opinion, globalization is a product of civilization. The world began kept with boundaries. People in the past have limited view of the word. There is an international anarchy, not in the sense that there is chaos and disorder, but in the sense that there is no central government that governs the whole world. Governments are small and order is limited to very small communities. However, people began to explore and discover. They form larger governments and organize into states. Globalization is just a continuation of this—a manifestation of a search for a more advanced civilization. In fact, there were several claims in the past about the creation of an international government. Even at present, an international legal order is manifest, although loosely due to several conceptual and political hindrances such as sovereignty of states. However, it cannot be denied that countries are now forming unions and organizations and building international institutions such as courts and tribunals to govern conduct. The inquiry is therefore clear. â€Å"Will the world organize into a bigger union? † The irony in this question is that many countries such as Africa has not yet achieved the high level of civilization that many other countries have achieved. By not being highly civilized, I do not mean to say that they are savage, but only that they are left behind in terms in terms of political, economic and technological developments. Theirs are mostly a case of lawlessness and crime. Chaos and disorder prevails dues to poverty, disease and inadequate natural resources that are existing in the country. It is like being back during the period before the existence of social contracts where every man is a man for himself. The main concern is individual survival, not the advancement of civilization. These countries who were left behind have not made themselves as civilized and globalized as others countries have made themselves. How can they cope with the new world order that will be established in case civilization and globalization become more advanced? Going back to the question, the articles answer seems to be no. The pattern that may be observed is not integration, but disintegration. Countries are beginning to disaffiliate from their respective unions and affiliations. The reasons are simple, resources are scarce and countries have to fight over these resources to survive. It is â€Å"Africa† in a larger scale. The thing that prevents countries like Africa from assimilating to a grand globalization scheme will prevent many countries from becoming more politically and socially advanced. Worse, it may cause their social and political system to deteriorate, bringing them back to a path where they have already trodden before. That path is a path towards pre-civilization. Anarchy may return. An era of lawlessness and crime may again plague the world. The world may revert to the period before civilization when there is no social contract. The world may go back to a period where it is every man for himself or every country for itself. The pillars of cooperation, which countries have so painstakingly erected may easily collapse in the middle of poverty, need and competition for scarce resources. This prediction may be exaggerated, but it may happen; and what better way exists to show what may happen, but through an exaggeration. It is again a point of interest at this point the situation in countries like Africa. While Africa and other countries are still struggling to achieve the level of civilization and globalization that exist in the world, other countries are already going through the process of de-globalization and de-civilization. Even in de-globalization and de-civilization, they seem to be unable to keep up. Or is it that other countries are the ones keeping up with them in terms of de-globalization and de-civilization? It is in times like this that one may realize why government and laws are important. There may be wrongs committed in the government and it may limit or even abuse individual rights. However, governments create order. In times of difficulties, governments take charge. Governments are necessary in the development of a healthy and orderly social and political system. Law controls people. It may cause evils, but it also controls evils. Law is essential in governance and civilization.

Why Is It Advantageous for a Modern Employer to Fire Employees Essay

Why Is It Advantageous for a Modern Employer to Fire Employees - Essay Example The article entitled "Risky business, but not for the boss", by Ross Gittins, describes the elements of risk, both from a business perspective and that of the average employee and local citizen. Three specific activities are mentioned in the article, with the emphasis on the contemporary tendency of modern business to shift risk-related expenses away from the company and onto the employee. These risks include the offering of superannuation to employees, inventory, and production, and full-time versus part-time workers. The article discusses "longevity risk" (Gittins, 2007), which entails a company's willingness to provide a contribution to retirement and pension accounts. Historically, companies contributed more, however, today employees are expected to make financial arrangements (outside of high company contributions) which will sustain them long-term. This reflects a changing attitude on behalf of today's large companies, which are focused on eliminating expenses associated with business operations and long-term employee compensation. The Marxist economic theory focuses on the growth of big business and its 'relentless drive for capital accumulation' (Kang, 2006). Under Marxist economics, free market capitalism is affected by the laborers who bring these companies increased growth and revenues. Shifting risk to the employees satisfies corporate profitability objectives, which could lead to more social and community improvements, however, long-term the impact on the political-economic landscape is immense. When these individuals reach retirement age, they will have fewer finances available, due to corporate risk-shifting practices, leading to decreases in consumption. In this instance, governmental intervention is required to ensure that these employees maintain a significant retirement income so as not to upset the balance of supply and demand which keeps the Australian economic system afloat.

The Future of Retail Sector in UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Future of Retail Sector in UK - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that retailing includes all the activities involved in selling products or services directly to the final consumers for their personal, non-business use. Many institutions are the retailer but in recent years non-store retailing has been growing faster than the store retailing. That means non-store retailing includes selling to final consumers through direct mail, catalogs, telephone, internet, TV home shopping shows, home & office parties, door-to-door contact, vending machines & other direct selling approaches. Retailing is one of the major economic sectors of UK as retail sales of about 22l billion, about 3 million people are employed here and about 300,000 shops are on an operation. At both the business and the store level the scale of polarization is noticed. There are huge retailers & the existence of multinational businesses those are dominating the sector in the country. Retail stores come in all shapes & sizes, & new retail types kee p emerging. Thus they can be classified in terms of the amount of offered service, the breadth & depth of the product lines, the relative prices that are charged, & the organization module. Retailers operate in a harsh & fast changing environment which offers threats as well as opportunities, to become successful, retailers will have to choose target segments carefully & position themselves strongly. In this view, the airlines business of UK is one of the best examples of the retail sector. It is more competitive today than ever before, it serves consumers more choice as well as cheaper fares than before. There is no surprise that the number of passengers of UK airports is continuously increasing, from 70 million in 2000, 86 million have been flown in 2004. Retailers are always searching for new market strategies to attract & hold customers. Service differentiation has also eroded. Retailers first decide their target markets & then decide how they will position themselves in this ma rket. The product assortment should differentiate the retailer while matching target shoppers expectation. Then the price policy must fit its target market & positioning, service assortment & competition. After, to use one or all-promotional tools - advertising, selling, sales promotion, & direct marketing are required to reach to the customers. Place decision points to three critical factors in retailing success: location, location & location. The environmental analysis should be a continuous flow of planning aspect.

Charles Babbages Contribution to Development of Computer Technology Essay

Charles Babbages Contribution to Development of Computer Technology - Essay Example According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that  Charles Babbage, an inventor, was born in Britain at a time when science was just beginning to take shape and influence in society, with no clear definition of its varying disciplines. During that time, people were mediocre since they still dwelt on the calculus mathematical theories of Isaac Newton, and had not made any advancement in the field. This state of circumstances disappointed Charles so much, to a point that he wanted change thus beginning the era of computers. The man in question was born on 26th December 1791 in Walworth, Surrey according to Anthony Hyman. This was in London. His father was called Benjamin Baggage, who was in partnership with the Praeds, owners of the Bitton estate and Betsy Plumleigh Babbage. His mother, who was a great influence in his life, was called Betsy Plumleigh Teape. In the year 1808, his family moved to the old Rowdens house in East Teignmouth, where his father was appointe d the warden of the St. Michael church. As a child, Charles was very inquisitive and stopped at nothing until his search for the truth is found. In his book, he tells of instances when his curiosity led him to dismantle his toys when he didn’t understand their way of working. His father was a rich man thus he was accorded the best education around in the form of expensive schools and tutors. When he was eight years of age, he was relocated to a country school to recuperate from a severe fever. During his stay here, his parents stressed that he be left to complete rest for speedy recovery. The loneliness he experienced got to his head that he started to be philosophical, questioning everything that came into contact with him and the general worldview. He went as far as experimenting in devil-worship incarnations to test their credibility. Later he joined King Edward VI School in South Devon, only to succumb to deteriorating health, forcing him to be tutored at home. It was thr ough the private studies that he developed a passion for mathematics especially by the influence of Stephen Freeman, who was an ‘astronomer’. Eventually, he was able to start schooling at Trinity College in Cambridge in 1810, where he discovered a void in the system of learning at the institution. Birth of an idea He and his friends came together to form the Analytical society between the years of 1812 and 1814 so as to challenge the University’s laid-back approach to the mathematical field. It was a successful venture that saw the publication of several books on the topic of calculus. It was during this time that Charles started to battle with the idea of creating a machine to aid in the arithmetic process. According to Bowden, Charles was thinking to himself on the possibility of devising a tool that would perform logarithms with utmost precision rather than using the incorrect manuals in use at the time. He was challenged by the French’s decision to use human mathematicians to compute new tables.

To what extent can a measure of national income (GDP) Essay

To what extent can a measure of national income (GDP) - Essay Example Keywords: GDP, welfare, happiness, economy, wealth. GDP as a Measure of Happiness and Welfare Gross Domestic Product is a value of all the final goods and services that are produced in domestic territory of an economy, within a single accounting year. This is used as a measurement for finding out the different levels of growth in an economy. Not only that, but the GDP is used to compare the growth and development of one economy with another as well. However, with time, many economists have begun trying to find out the happiness index faced by the citizens of a country, with the help of the GDP. However, they fail to pose the following questions; what is the relationship between GDP and welfare? Can GDP be regarded as a good index of welfare among the people of a country? Or is it simply a measure for finding out the kind of growth and development the economy has undergone, not taking into account the actual distribution of wealth? While looking at the figures of per capita income and national income of a country on the whole, one may find that the country is prospering very well and has achieved growing levels of independency when it comes to its market segments and trade related areas. The country might be doing really well in almost all fields – right from the primary to the tertiary sector. But just because something looks good from the outside, it cannot be judged inside as well, can it? In simple terms, the capacity to purchase goods and services is what makes people feel satisfied. However, this capacity or purchasing power is available to the people of a nation on the basis of their incomes. If they have low incomes, then they are able to afford lesser and vice versa. The happiness index of a person thus, depends on the kind of satisfaction he is able to achieve, which in turn, as discussed above, is a direct reaction to the level of income earned by him. In this case, the GDP cannot be measured in terms of the number of goods and services sold in an economy in a year, but by the level of distribution of income within the country which in turn affects the number of goods and services purchased by different sections of society within a year. Therefore, the use of goods and services by different people in an economy is what contributes to their well being, and not just the GDP alone. The greater the magnitude of the GDP, the greater the welfare of the people, was what was earlier believed by most economists. However, with more development and consumerism all around the world, with people having higher power and choices in order to utilize resources to satisfy their needs and wants, the GDP itself poses very stark limitations to the kind of measurement it can hope to provide to measuring an index of welfare of the nation. (Osberg, Lars and Sharpe, Andrew) In order to understand this argument better, one needs to delve into the levels of distribution of income within a nation or an economy. The distribution of wealth is not unif orm in most economies, may they be developed or developing ones. There is always a clear demarcation between the haves and the have not’

Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Federal Rules of Civil Procedure - Essay Example One of the rules relating to federal rules and civil procedure states that the US district judge has the ultimate authority in courtroom legal procedure and a very important role in advancing common law practice and establishing new positions. It further asserts that the district court judge applies the substantive laws of the state when making such decisions. A case of Zubulake v. UBS that was heard between 2003 and 2005 in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York explores the states stand on the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure on the topic. According to Ney Yorks’ legal framework, the court holds that attorneys are obligated to ensure all relevant information documents are discovered, retained, and produced. In regard to the above discussed legal structure, it is evident that New York adopted the rules of civil procedure which addresses the role of counsel in

Construction procurement and legal framework for construction Essay

Construction procurement and legal framework for construction operations - Essay Example It may be either small scale or large scale. For successful completion of the construction project, effective planning is crucial. There are various types of construction: 1. Residential building construction 2. Commercial building construction 3. Industrial building construction 4. Heavy civil construction. The type of construction is the chief determinant of the variety of approach to the procurement of construction services. Construction procurement is absolutely crucial to the delivery of a project on time, budget and high quality. Good procurement is synonymous with the success of the project (Fewings 2013). Suicide bidding relating to a very low bid at a tender age, spending, over budgeting and ex ended time frames may all lead to poor standardization. The loss of knowledge about procurement may cause clients to incur unnecessary additional costs that could be avoided by choosing the right method of procuring. Construction is also prone to other conditions such as weather, labo r availability, finance, topography, ground conditions, and logistics. Selecting the absolute optimal and most effective method is difficult as reliance is more based on past statistical evidence. The clients order the construction that may be for sale or for any other usage. The construction procurement basis include determining the criteria for the project, setting contractual framework, setting tender and selection process, inviting the tenders and awarding a contract. There are key priorities that are maintained, that is, standardization, sustainability, reduced cost of procurement and public accountability (Fewings 2013). Standardization There is a legal framework provided for since the conception of contract formation to its execution. The comparison of the standard of building is outlined in the construction contract law. There are qualities checks of the building process that have to be maintained. This includes efficient completion of the project within an agreed time frame . Execution of a construction project is a team work between the clients. The contractor and the consultant therefore advocate for the three or more parties involved to have mutual agreement on the responsibility and roles of each other for successful completion of the project. Sustainability It applies for both physical positioning of structural connections, structural beams, walls, roofs and foundation. The bilateral symmetry and articulation of the design is greatly considered during construction. Sustainability may also be mental, the willingness of the contractor to complete the project in good timing. Reduced cost of procurement All factors of production are taken into consideration during the procurement process. The main aim is to maximize efficiency and consequently, minimize delay. Public accountability The public does a follow up on the ongoing project. This is essential as the critic is deemed necessary for maximum productivity in a unique and efficient way. Importance o f construction procurement (i) Greater skill of worker The regular repetition of an undertaking by an individual firm makes its performance routine.

Developing new or existing funding streams for a Social Enterprise or Essay - 1

Developing new or existing funding streams for a Social Enterprise or Charity Project - Essay Example Thus, the social enterprises can considered to be a business model which is primarily engaged in promoting sustainable society by generating prospects for better socio-economic and environmental development. Moreover, social enterprises have charitable intentions rather than commercial and profit centred inclinations (Kernot & McNeill, 2011). Since many social enterprises have emerged from the voluntary sector due to which these enterprises are often encountered with unique challenges in growing their business as well as accessing requisite funding (Kickul & Lyons, 2012). Currently, funding has become increasingly difficult for social enterprises to obtain because social enterprises concentrate more on attaining social, economic and environmental sustainability at the cost of growth which might place potential risks on their ability to generate and to access requisite funds (Scottish Social Enterprise Coalition, 2009). The creative problem solving process such as ECI has been proven to be a much effective technique for overcoming issues such as difficulties in fundraising which have unfavourable impacted on the functioning of the social enterprises. Thus, in order to effectively tackle the challenges of fund raising encountered by the social enterprises such as The Children’s Society, Enterprise Case Initiative (ECI) technique has been duly applied for the study. The ECI comprises a few relevant stages, for example, mess finding, problem finding, data finding, solution finding, idea finding and acceptance finding. Additionally, this report critically analyses the environment under which social enterprises are operating in the United Kingdom. Furthermore, this report intends to discuss and to evaluate the challenges encountered by social enterprises like The Childrens Society in the UK. This report shall duly emphasise on ECI model for addressing various fund raising issues associated with T he Childrens Society in the UK. The

The UN is essential to ensuring Accountability by member States for Essay

The UN is essential to ensuring Accountability by member States for their Human Rights Obligations and Commitments - Essay Example â€Å"On 10 December 1948, the UN General Assembly espoused the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).† Before the adoption of UDHR, human rights were guaranteed through protection of natural rights and the protection of human rights by the rule law by different nations around the globe. The declaration and implementation of UDHR in 1948 can be said to be a new beginning of the significant global march towards making sure that the human rights is safeguarded internationally by the rule of law. Thus, UDHR can be said to be legal foundation for modern international human rights law1. Though, UDHR is not legally binding instrument when it was introduced 64 ago, but UDHR is consistently employed to safeguard the international human rights, mainly through the rule of law. As compared to the earlier endeavour of including human rights provisions in the Covenant of the League of Nations immediately at the conclusion of the First World War in 1919, was futile. However, there wa s an effort by private sector and in 1929, the Institute of International Law, which was a private body of eminent officials of international law in USA, Asia and Europe perused the Declaration of the Rights of Man where it was stressed that it was the State’s responsibility to offer equal rights to every individual to their liberty, life and property. Though, the above Declaration was not a legally authenticated document, it facilitated wide publicity of the notion of the international human rights for the first time2. Massacres and atrocities unleashed during the Second World War had aggravated poignant humanitarian apprehensions and pushed the international community to introduce a global initiative to ensure the legal safeguard of human rights and accomplishment of world safety and peace3. Since its inception, UDHR played a major role in establishing a comprehensive body of human rights regulations and laws. Within six decades of its establishment, its function included t o address particular human rights infringements and complaints together with wider human rights issues. The UN has established a system of unique methods to supervise, analyse and report on human rights infringements. The UN system addressed not only nation-specific human right infringement, but also ‘thematic’ cutting across human right infringement like religious prejudice, racial discrimination and refusal of freedom of expression. In Prosecutor v. Anto Furundzija4, it was observed by the International Criminal Tribunal that the general rule of honour for human dignity was the fundamental highlight of both national human rights law and global humanitarian law. (Olasolo 2008:34). In Juan Carlos Abella v. Argentina5, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights observed that its authority to extend the international humanitarian law could be obtained from the overlie between the standards between the Geneva Conventions and the American Convention on Human Rights6. How ever, in the recent years, disagreement crept over the conduct of the commission members. Some nations which are criticised as systematic human rights infringers were voted as its members. Sudan, which is notorious for its human rights abuses, was elected as the member of the council in 2001. Sudan was widely censured for its ethnic